Effective Communication - A Key to Success in Business

By communication, people exchange. Communication is an essential attribute of human life, which is why we all spend most of our time either receiving or requesting for information. Lack of communication creates tensions and destroys personal and business relationships. The ability to exchange information or conversation with others is crucial to the success of the individual, family or business organization. It should be noted, however, that it is one thing to communicate but quite another thing to communicate effectively.

Ineffective communication usually results in failure, as it doesn't elicit the desired response in form of feedback from the receiver. This is the bane of many business organizations. Many managers do communicate, but often not very effectively. Lack of capacity to communicate effectively on the part of managers is the reason for the failure of many businesses. Every firm or business organization needs an effective communication network in order to function properly and achieve its set objectives. In this article, the focus will be on the indispensable role which effective communication plays in the daily functioning of a business organization. We shall start by looking at the meaning of effective communication from different angles and go on to examine its importance as well as how it can be achieved in business.

Looking at the Meaning of Effective Communication from Different Angles

Effective Communication - A Key to Success in Business

The ultimate goal of every form of communication - face-to-face meeting, telephone discourse, teleconferencing, videoconferencing, interview, email, letter or memo - is to get an expected response in form of feedback from the receiver to the sender. This is what effective communication is about. It is about ensuring that the information is well-packaged and properly transmitted, so that the recipient understands the message and responds positively. In other words, effective communication is the one that achieves the results for which it is intended.

Communication can be looked at from different angles, such as the mode of expression (oral or written, or even non-verbal communication), the purpose of communication, the audience, the information flow (vertical, horizontal or diagonal), etc. Communication can be internal (within the organization) or external (with outsiders). It can also be interpersonal or group communication; interpersonal when it involves two people and group when it takes the forms of meetings, discussions, symposia, conferences and workshops. There is also mass communication which has to do with communicating with the masses by the means of the radio, the television, the newspaper, the internet, etc.). From whichever angle it is looked at, communication can only be considered to be effective when it results in the desired feedback.

Oral communication involves the use of spoken words and could take the form of face-to-face conversation, interview, telephone discourse, voice mail, meetings, group discussions, oral instructions, teleconferencing, videoconferencing, etc. Oral communication is quick and permits immediate feedback as well as immediate response to feedback. Participants can ask questions and get immediate clarification. Moreover, gesture and facial expression can be used to reinforce the intended message. The limitations of oral communication include susceptibility to errors and misinterpretation and lack of permanence.

Written communication, as the name implies, involves the use of written words. It can come in the forms of business letters, memoranda, reports, minutes of meetings, written speeches, etc. Written communication has the advantages of revision before transmission, permanence and accessibility for reference purposes. It also reduces the risk of distortion in meaning; thus, it can be considered as an ideal medium for long and complex messages which, if relayed orally across many intermediaries, can easily be distorted or misinterpreted. Another advantage of the written medium is that it can easily be reproduced in many ways (e.g. photocopying) and distributed to many recipients. One of its major limitations is delayed feedback; the reading of long documents may be boring and the writing of a reply could also be delayed by a number of other factors. Written communication also lacks the presence of gesture, facial expression and other forms of body language capable of reinforcing meaning in communication.

The choice of medium of communication depends on the nature of the message to be transmitted. As earlier observed, while the written medium is the perfect medium for transactions that require permanent documentation, the oral medium is ideal for messages that require immediate feedback. One has to consider the circumstances in order to determine whether to use a telephone call, a face-to-face meeting, an email, a typed and signed document, etc. The factors to be considered when choosing the medium of communication include: urgency, formality, risk of misinterpretation, confidentiality, legal implications or the need for future reference, the nature and size of the audience, etc.

Communication in business is usually intended to achieve specific purposes, such as giving information, making inquiries, providing explanation, persuasion, reassurance, making transactions, etc. Communicating to inform is frequently an act of introducing, notifying, announcing or reporting; it is usually aimed at informing people about new product lines, prices, names, addresses, etc. If the purpose of communication is to persuade, the message has to be packaged with a view to moving the audience to action by the use of words. This type of communication is ideal for advertising a product or motivating employees.

When communication is purely for business transactions, such as contracts, agreements, receipts, etc., the message has to be packaged in a way that gives no room for misinterpretation or legal actions. In this type of communication, the emphasis is on the accuracy and appropriateness of given information, such as the date of transaction, the agreed terms and conditions, the agreed prices, the total sum and currency, names, addresses and signatures of parties to the agreement, etc. The point being made here is that, in order to achieve effective communication, the message must be packaged to serve the specific purpose as well as the particular occasion of communication.

How to Ensure Effective Communication in Business

It is important to note that poor or ineffective communication is responsible for a situation where the receiver doesn't understand what he or she has read or heard and thus cannot give any positive feedback. This implies that the hallmark of effective communication is a well-packaged and properly transmitted message - that is, a message that is capable of attracting the receiver's response in form of positive feedback.

Language should be seen as the most important form of effective communication. The communicator must ensure that the language he or she uses is clear, accurate and appropriate to the audience, purpose and occasion for which the message is intended. The use of informal language where a polite and formal register is required, for instance, can render the message ineffective. Wordiness or the use of unnecessarily complex constructions can only create room for misinterpretation; hence the acronym 'KISS': Keep it short and simple.

Also, the use of expressions, jargons and buzz-words that the audience is unfamiliar with can present barriers to them and thus hinder communication. Where technical language and terms are used, they must be defined and explained in accordance with the knowledge of the audience. Whatever is the purpose of the communication, the communicator must connect with the audience by using clear and precise language and removing every form of ambiguity or barrier so the audience can have a full understanding of the message.

Effective communication is best achieved when the purpose or central idea of the message is stated clearly and the subordinate ideas effectively identified and related to the main purpose in a naturally convincing manner. It is important to ensure that the material is arranged in a logical and coherent order, with each paragraph containing only one main idea that is clearly stated and supported with relevant, sufficient and persuasive points. To achieve coherence, new information must be linked to previously discussed information in a way that engages the reader and reinforces the main points. The conclusion of the message must restate the main purpose and specify the action to be taken.

Ensuring correctness or grammatically is also a vital aspect of effective communication, because ungrammaticality is capable of distorting meaning or undermining credibility, thereby hindering communication. It is very important to ensure that rules of grammar and syntax are followed, that correct words are used to convey the intended meaning and that punctuation reflects standard usage. Finally, the entire work must be proofread to ensure that the final copy is free of mechanical errors.

Above all, it should be noted that the purpose of business communication is, in broad terms, buying and selling. Business communication is usually about practical matters, such as products, prices, discounts, sales, delivery, payments and so forth. The successful businessman is one who achieves his goals, and to achieve his goals, he must communicate effectively through clearness of expression. He has to present his messages to his audiences in the clearest and most straightforward manner.

Every business communication aims to invoke some material and immediate response or action. Whether it is a face-to-face meeting, a telephone discourse, a sales letter, a letter of inquiry, a memo or a report, the aim is to get something done. Therefore, every business communication has to use clear and persuasive language in conjunction with appropriate action in order to connect with the audience and invoke the desired response.

Effective Communication - A Key to Success in Business
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Teaching Christian Religious Education - A Review

In ten chapters or one hundred and eleven pages, the author presents a compendia of methodology of teaching Christian religious education. The purpose of the study, countless misconceptions of students, the etymology of the word 'methodology', definition and reason for religious education, kinds of research methods and hints of note taking are discussed in the first chapter. These give students the opportunity of revising when writer rather than presenting new information to them. The importance of the second chapter is that it gives a systematic approach to finding research/project problems, approach to find a research topic, formulating the research topic, sources of information, reviewing relevant literature, sources of information, reviewing relevant literature, hypothesis and format for research writing. Like the first chapter, the dimensions are not new but serve as a useful guide. The Nigerian approach to moral and religious instruction as stated in the 1981 Revised National Policy on education moved from rote memory of biblical passages to affect the psychomotor and affective domains. Approaches to the study of Christian religious education discussed in Chapter 3 include the Bible-centered or salvation history approach, the phenomenological approach, teacher-centered approach, and the Bible to life, life experiences and life-centered approaches. New life was therefore injected in teaching religious education as students discovered the religious implication of their actions.

Working on the premise that there are several teaching methods in each discipline, the writer identifies some methods and factors that determine their suitability and the right time to use them in the fourth chapter. He rightly observes that the Christian religious studies teacher should not be dogmatic but should apply a method as the situation demands. These methods are divided into teacher centered (lecture, questioning), learner centered (project, assignment) and joint (drama, field trips, story telling, role play) methods.

In Chapter 5, the writer successfully defines technical terms like teaching and teaching practice. Parameters used to identify the competency of the teacher are discussed. The section of preparing to teach is in consonance with Hendrick's law of readiness. The discussion on the management, organization and administration of teaching practice and micro-teaching and its advantages are geared towards enabling the teacher to teach effectively especially if the assessment instruments at the end of the chapter are implemented.

Teaching Christian Religious Education - A Review

The sixth chapter clearly traces the history of the religious studies curriculum which protects the child from receiving any instruction that is contrary to the wishes of his parents. The origin and objective of the word 'curriculum' and the vital role of parents, learners, teachers, local community, religious bodies, ministries of education and other national bodies are discussed. The seventh chapter expands on the discussion in earlier chapters. The sample of a syllabus is a useful reference material to every Christian religious education teacher.

The eighth chapter on lesson plan logically follows the seventh since the classroom experience tests what has been planned. The writer realistically observes that the success of the teacher is dependent on the mastery of the subject and his/her job is incomplete until evaluation is done. The importance of educational objectives, the cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains cannot be overemphasized.

Commenting on the application of teaching materials, the writer observes that a good material among others should relate to the objective and age of the learners, match their ability and elicit interest in them. The penultimate chapter presents a vivid description of the use of instructional materials in teaching. The impact of visual and audiovisual materials is amazing. Although they create an opportunity for students to come face to face with reality, they should be seen as a means to an end.

The last chapter clearly presents justification for moral education in the school in an era of moral decadence. The aim of religious education therefore is to facilitate desirable changes in an individual since it encompasses theoretical, practical, moral, spiritual, human and divine aspects. The entire society - the home, school, church, voluntary organizations, mass media- has a role to play.

Although the book presents a rather interesting evaluation of Christian religious education methods, the author himself admits that he is not trying to offer new dimensions in the first two chapters. Even though he presents a format for research writing, the technical terms are not defined leaving the reader in a difficult position to see the relationship among them. Several typographical errors undermine the richness of the presentation. The above notwithstanding, this illustrative text of the Nigerian educational experience has graphic illustrations and review questions which stimulate critical thinking. A commendable insight is the lucid distinction made between the curriculum and syllabus which are treated as synonymous terms. The clear presentation of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives is also imperative. Perhaps another insight is how the wrong use of textbooks could hinder self-initiative and transforms learning merely into a routine.

Teaching Christian Religious Education - A Review
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AUTHOR SIGNATURE Oliver L.T. Harding, who obtained his GCE O & A Levels from the Sierra Leone Grammar School and the Albert Academy respectively, is currently Senior & Acting Librarian of Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone. He is a part time lecturer at the Institute of Library, Information & Communication Studies (INSLICS), Fourah Bay College and the Extension Program at the Evangelical College of Theology (T.E.C.T) at Hall Street, Brookfields; Vice President of the Sierra Leone Association of Archivists, Librarians & Information Scientists (SLAALIS); a member of the American Theological Library Association (ATLA) and an associate of the Chartered Institute of Library & Information Professionals (CILIP). His certificates, secular and sacred, include: a certificate and diploma from the Freetown Bible Training Center; an upper second class B.A. Hons. Degree in Modern History (F.B.C.); a post-graduate diploma from the Institute of Library Studies (INSLIBS, F.B.C) a masters degree from the Institute of Library, Information & Communication Studies (INSLICS, F.B.C.) and a masters degree in Biblical Studies from West Africa Theological Seminary, affiliate of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, where he won the prize for academic excellence as the Best Graduating Student in 2005. Oliver, a writer, musician and theologian, is married (to Francess) with two children (Olivia & Francis).
Email: oltharding@yahoo.com
Mobile: 232-2233-460-330

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Adjective Order - Teach Your Students the Correct Order of Adjectives

Did you know that when more than one adjective is used in a sentence, that they need to be written in a specific order?

Most English speakers, including your students do this automatically. When they speak or write they use what sounds correct to guide the order of adjectives. They know that "the brick last house" sounds odd and can quickly and confidently adjust it to "the last brick house". This is fine for commonly used adjectives.

However, if your students need to use adjectives that are not as common, especially ones that are not used in everyday conversation, it can be very difficult for them to determine what the correct adjective placement is.

Adjective Order - Teach Your Students the Correct Order of Adjectives

Give your students opportunities to explore and practice how adjectives should be placed in a sentence and their skills and confidence will increase.

Here is the correct order for adjectives.

1) OPINION (lovely, useful)

2) SIZE (big, enormous)

3) AGE (mature, ancient)

4) SHAPE (square, oval)

5) COLOR (red, burgandy)

6) ORIGIN (American, English)

7) MATERIAL (wooden, cotton)

8) PURPOSE (typing, sun)

Use these exercises to get your students practicing adjective placement.

1) Write the order of adjectives on the board and ask your students to suggest examples. Write two examples for each type of adjective.

2) Ask your students to copy what you have written on the board and include two more examples for each adjective type.

3) Write 3 or 4 adjectives on the board and ask your students to use all of them in a sentence. Here are some adjectives that you could use (hairy, big, yellow), (cold, silver, English), (roasted, salty, chilli), (fluffy, young, white). This activity could be done a few times.

4) Write 3 or 4 adjectives on the board. Include one or two words that your students will not know. Here are some examples (re-hydrated, orange, African), (dusty, brown, marsupial), (acidic, salty, Greek). Ask your students to look the words that they don't know up in a dictionary and then use all the words in one sentence.

5) Ask you students to find three examples of adjective order in books that they have been exploring in class.

6) Write a sentence on the board that includes at least three adjectives. Ask your students to write the opposite of that sentence. When they do this it will become clear that even though the meaning of the adjectives can change dramatically the order of adjectives stays the same.

For example, "The boy saw the long, dusty, dirt road" becomes "The boy saw the short, clean, concrete road".

Adjective Order - Teach Your Students the Correct Order of Adjectives
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Print out an adjective order worksheet and link to other adjective resources for the classroom at
http://www.free-teacher-worksheets.com/adjective-order.html

Find a wide range of free printable classroom resources at
http://www.free-teacher-worksheets.com/

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How to Create a Clear and Concise Technical Budget Presentation to Persuade a Non-Technical Audience

Do you ever have to convince your board of directors or other non-technical stakeholders that you need to make an investment in something technical or hard to understand? Have you had the experience of seeing their eyes glaze over when you try to explain your need?

If so, the next time you need to get buy-in on a technical budget request, break down your explanation into these 5 bullet points. Use words that your mother would understand.

What is it? It is important here to keep your language simple. Avoid technical jargon. Example: We need to purchase a generator (also called a uninterruptible power supply or UPS) for our servers and A/C systems. Why do we need it? Explain how not having the item is affecting the company. Talk about the impact to customers, employees, and profits. Example: We need to be able to continue power to our servers and A/C systems in the case of outages with our primary power supply. A/C power outages have occurred twice this summer. Our servers have been down 3 times for a total of 12 hours in the last six months due to power outages. The Security Audit has also mandated that we have backup power. What if we don't purchase it? Give examples of what will continue to happen if you don't make the purchase. Remember that you are giving your audience facts to make a decision as to whether to buy, keep what you have, or go with an alternative. Example: We will continue to be at high risk of critical data loss. Our company will cease all computer functions during a power loss. We will be violating the mandates of the Security Audit. What are the alternatives? Of course, there are probably other options to what you are proposing to purchase. Give them a high-level list of what you have already considered. Example: Purchase additional batteries for the UPS already in place. However, this only lessens the risk of the server shutting down and doesn't guarantee that we will have our servers up at all times. This option does not meet the mandates of the Security Audit. How much will it cost? Give them the cost and a high-level summary of what that includes and how you got the number. Example: K based on 3 quotes. This includes the generator, installation, gas line, and electrical work.If you have several budget items to request, use the same 5-bullet question format for each item. Your audience will be comfortable that your request is structured, easy to understand, and easy for them to get the information they need to make a decision. Try this out the next time that you have to get funding for something that is technical and you are addressing a non-technical stakeholder!

How to Create a Clear and Concise Technical Budget Presentation to Persuade a Non-Technical Audience

How to Create a Clear and Concise Technical Budget Presentation to Persuade a Non-Technical Audience
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Caroline Smith helps executives with technical backgrounds in IT, engineering, and construction quickly get to the next level and be true leaders.

Would you like to receive an executive coaching tip that you can read in less than 5 minutes and apply immediately to improve your performance as a leader? Click here to start getting your bi-weekly coaching tip today. Visit http://executivecoachcarolinesmith.com to find out more.

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Coffee Shop Millionaire - Detailed Review

When I heard there was going to be a launch of a product called Coffee Shop Millionaire, it intrigued me so I pulled some strings and was able to get a look into what this product was all about, so here is what you get when you become a member of Coffee Shop Millionaire.

Before I begin, I have to tell you that this product is set up in a very unique way, it basically has self made millionaires telling how they were able to become exactly that. Since there is so much content within this product I am going to try and tell you exactly about each section of the course but since there is so much that comes with this product I will not be able to cover all the specifics of Coffee Shop Millionaire, because it would make this article way to long.

So here are all the sections that you will get if you become a member of Coffee Shop Millionaire, before I go further I think it is important for me to note that each of the video's are Standard, High Def, and can be Downloaded in video, audio, or pod casting formats.

Coffee Shop Millionaire - Detailed Review

Cash Machines Section - This is broken down into 4 parts and they are:

Local Cash Machine - shows you how to make an extra 0 to 00 as a local internet marketing consultant, this is a very easy to get going. This does not even require cold calling or anything like that. They even show you how to outsource if you do not want to do this yourself, and even though it is local they show you exactly how to do this in other cities as well.

Newsletter Cash Machine- This shows you how to get money anywhere from about ,500 to ,000 a month by sending simple email newsletters to customers and subscribers and website visitors of an existing business. Essentially it is list management, and the nice part is you are getting paid to leverage other peoples assets.

Article Cash Machine - this shows you how to make money as a Freelance Article writer. This shows you how to start out with no experience, no clients, etc. and how to start earning 00 a month in income, very fast. This is broken down into 3 parts

1. Brief introduction on article writing, success mindset, setting up "Tools of the Trade"
2. How to quickly write and deliver articles.
3. How to get paying clients fast.

Video Cash Machine- This shows you how to create 30 to 90 second promotion video for local businesses and exactly how to get this up and running.

Million Dollar Launch Secrets Section - This is then broken down into 15 parts, each part is fairly self explanatory:

Product Creation Army of Affiliates Art of Launches Getting Affiliates Excited New Partnerships Keys to a Mega Launch Launch Contest Launch Processes Meet Big Players Rolling Launches The Launch Schedule The Ultimate Product Pack - 21k System Underground Affiliates Upsell Path Webinar Replays

Skill Set Video's Section - This is then broken down into 3 parts that each then go into a lot of detail, that slowly builds up your knowledge of internet marketing:

Beginner - Covers Fundamentals, Mindset, and Keyword Research

Intermediate - This covers Blogging, Membership Sites, Million Dollar Sales, Traffic ( this includes Ad Swaps, Forum Marketing, Link Building, PPC, SEO, Podcasting, Press Releases, Video Traffic, JV Traffic.)

Advance - This covers The Next Level, Advanced Webinar Replay

The next section is Tech Tutorials - this section covers just about any technical question or problem that you may ever come across, it is broken down into 13 Parts:

Registering Domains Hosting Setup Modify Content Autoresponder Setup Adding Audio and Video Adding PayPal Button Adding ClickBank Payment Button Blogger Setup WordPress Setup Upload using FTP PHP Redirect Elance EzineArticle Submission

The next section is Your Content Library (pretty self explanatory)

Bonuses Section - Kevin Wilke, Now I am sure there is more coming in this BONUS SECTION, however I am getting a look at this product ahead of the actual launch so I am not completely sure what all of the bonuses are.

Rolodex Section - Is divided into 2 parts they are:

Rolodex - This has a list of basically all the RESOURCES that you are going to need in running a profitable and successful online business.

Coffee Shop Millionaires Interviews - Once again I am getting a look before the actual release of the product, however this is where there are going to be interviews with people who have started out with basically a job at a Coffee Shop (hence the name for the product) and have made themselves into millionaires.

Forum

PRO's of Coffee Shop Millionaire:

They give you a complete model of how to start a profitable online business. You can start setting up your online business by just doing it part time. They give several ways for you to start making money online, so you do not have to follow just one way of starting to create an online income. You can learn from real life examples of people who started essentially from where you are, and are now millionaires. All of the ways that Coffee Shop Millionaire explains on how to start a successful online business, are very realistic and easy to implement. So if you get this course and do not start earning money online, then the only person you have to blame is yourself for not TAKING ACTION. Although this is a membership site, it will most likely save you money in the long run of things, this is because most people buy a product and then purchase another product as soon as they get an email in their inbox selling them on the newest way to start making money online. However if you know that you already are going to be having a certain amount of income going towards your membership fee you are going to be less likely to purchase another product and stick with just this, which if you follow their easy directions you will be able to start earning money online. The other upside is that since it is a membership site you are going to be getting the newest and best information, on internet marketing. Coffee Shop Millionaire is perfect for both new and experienced internet marketers, because it covers each of the ways to make money online very well. A lot of the income streams that Coffee Shop Millionaire shows you how to make can be outsourced either in the beginning or after you start to make money with it and can then afford to outsource it. You get your money's worth from the Content Library alone.

CON's of Coffee Shop Millionaire:

It is a membership site, I am not usually very fond of sites that you have to keep renewing each month. (although you could get this product and then download all of the initial content and then unsubscribe from the site.) There is so much information that it is possible that some may get information overload, however unlike most products where you are learning just one single system, you will be able to learn about several different ways to create an online income and some of these are very easy to start implementing right away. As with most internet marketing products, experienced internet marketers may get bored with certain parts of Coffee Shop Millionaire, because they will already know some of the parts that are covered by this product. However that is to be expected with most products in the internet marketing niche.

CONCLUSION

Coffee Shop Millionaire is a very well put together product that will show you several different ways to start making money online, and very fast as well. The nice thing about this product is that since it shows you how to create multiple streams of online income, you can get one stream of income flowing in and then start on another.

It would be very realistic for someone to expect to be able to start earning a part time or even a full time income from what they learn from Coffee Shop Millionaire, it is even quite possible to become a millionaire after you begin to take action and start creating multiple streams of income, from what you have learned with this product. Coffee Shop Millionaire is a very good product for anyone who is serous about earning money online.

Coffee Shop Millionaire - Detailed Review
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Facts About Bob Marley

Bob Marley, the Natural Mystic, may yet prove to be the most important musical artist of the twentieth century. Bob Marley's songs of determination, rebellion, and faith found an audience all over the world. Bob Marley was reggae's leading practitioner and emissary, embodying its spirit and spreading its gospel to all corners of the globe. Bob Marley free speech carries with it some freedom to listen.

Reggae's most transcendent and iconic figure, Bob Marley was the first Jamaican artist to achieve international super stardom, in the process introducing the music of his native island nation to the far-flung corners of the globe. Though he died prematurely at age 36, the heartbeat reggae rhythms of the enormous body of music that Bob Marley left behind have endured. However, in the two decades since the great man has gone, it is clear that he is without question one of the most transcendent figures of the past hundred years.

The last Bob Marley and the Wailers tour in 1980 attracted the largest audiences at that time for any musical act in Europe. Bob Marley and the Wailers was now the most important band on the road that year and the new Uprising album hit every chart in Europe. Bob Marley has always defended this often maligned herb. By popularizing reggae music and its marijuana celebrating lyrics, Bob Marley has prompted many people to question what they have been told, to take a fresh look at the evidence.

Facts About Bob Marley

The Bob Marley Foundation seeks to maintain a dynamic foundation which will enable individuals, groups, and/or communities in developing nations, particularly Jamaica and Africa, to create and implement programs that assist in the empowerment of the oppressed people and the elimination of generational poverty through sustainable projects.

Facts About Bob Marley
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Hispanic and American Cultural Differences Observed

Who Cares What Time It Is, We Have Each Other

American culture is quite different than Hispanic cultures, which are Latin in root. Obviously there are strengths and weaknesses between the two cultures. American culture is work-centered, and time is linear and a carefully divided. Hispanic culture is relationship-oriented, and time is organic and flexible. Of course, these are general observations only and there are always exceptions.

Our friends Hal and Cheryl took us to the top of some rugged, green El Salvadoran mountains to a restaurant hidden among the coffee plantations called Cabana de Aponeca. It was a long drive to get there and mostly on narrow, winding roads. We got out to stretch our legs. Flocks of green parrots, fluttered overhead, and iridescent blue and purple butterflies magically filled the air and hundreds of them were also sitting on the ground with wings folded together. It was supposed to be an afternoon trip and then we would return to Oscar and Pati's house for dinner. At least that was the plan.

Hispanic and American Cultural Differences Observed

We ordered colorful drinks of coconut, guava, lemon, orange, and talked and reminisced about old times. Hal and Cheryl were Americans who had lived in El Salvador for 25 years and had established a large, growing institute where people learn life skills, life principles, and values for living.

It was a privilege for me to be there to teach on the topics of finances, stewardship, planning, and micro-businesses and home businesses. As time went on, my son Caleb got very hungry, though we just had lunch several hours earlier. I reminded him that Oscar and Pati were having us over for dinner in a few hours.

You know, we Americans generally make a plan, stick to it, and watch the clock. If we are late to work and we see someone we know, the tendency is to quickly say "Hi", and say something like "I'm late for work, can't talk now." In America this is accepted as normal and they let us go. It says "work is more important than you right now." Time is a commodity. It is divided up, measured, plotted, and tracked. Time is "money" and we "live to work."

Our American values are quite different than Hispanic values, which are Latin in root. If I met a friend on the way to work then I'd have to stop and talk because the relationship is more important that the clock, or the next meeting. The relationship is the most highly valued commodity. It would be an insult to say "I can't talk because I have to go to work." Why? Because the message is interpreted as "You think your work is more important than me as a person" How differently we view the world. A late worker may not even be questioned, because everyone also agrees with the value that a relationship makes it OK to be late.

As we talked, Caleb got increasingly hungry. Hal got him a menu, and I thought we were making a special exception for him, but soon everyone was looking at menus! It took a lot of years for me to learn this cultural principle, and that is the quality time spent with important friends or family are more important that being to the next scheduled commitment. Our Outlook calendars would be used as guidelines, and would not rule over us to dictate our every minute. Time is not linear but it is organic and flows naturally, and promptness is based on the relationships and people you are with. It can be unacceptable to leave for another engagement before a natural ending time presents itself.

If you think Oscar and Pati were offended that we arrived very late, and not as hungry as we could have been, think again. They know this and it is acceptable to go with the flow and not be on time. In America, a late worker offends his boss and co-workers, and may be thought to be lacking in character, and had better have a good excuse. If we come late to a meeting, we apologize, and there are actually degrees of apologies needed, depending on how late you are! Being late by one, or two, or five, or ten, or twenty minutes warrants increasingly deeper degrees of apology. It can range from a sorry look or a verbal 'sorry', to a verbal 'I'm really sorry' or 'I am really sorry and here is why..." It is interesting to see that some people are not ruled by the clock or calendar, but by love or obligation to friends and family.

Obviously there are strengths and weaknesses in each system. One culture may sacrifice family relationships but efficiently manufacture anything under the sun and dominate the economic landscape. The other culture may foster close nuclear and extended family ties that not only define who they are but develops ties that becomes a strong social security safety net. One culture tends to have less-connected families and friends, and the other is has an economy that may plod along more slowly. Examining these differences may help each culture strengthen its inherent weaknesses.

Frequent trips to Latin America have made me re-evaluate work, relationships, and other values as an American. I believe I could use a little more time with friends and family, a little more relaxing at the coffee shop, and learning more of the art of conversation. But, it's important to stay relevant to the culture one lives in, and since I live in America I'll try to be on time for that dinner date. It helped me to also be more understanding when my Hispanic friends are late.

Here is some suggested reading:

Distant Neighbors - A Portrait of the Mexicans, by Alan Riding
The Germans, by Greg Nees
Au Contraire! The French, (another Latin culture...), By Gilles Asselin and Ruth Mastron

Hispanic and American Cultural Differences Observed
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Richard Kimura

Rich Kimura is a certified Crown Financial counselor, engineer, and entrepreneur. He has 3 patents and 2 pending and has published numerous technical papers. He has also taught on microbusiness development in third world countries. For more unique perspectives on personal finances, relationships, and spirituality, visit Cirrovista at [http://www.cirrovista.com]

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Performance Appraisals - 5 Key Strengths to Highlight

Performance appraisals, performance reviews, performance feedback - they all refer to the same process that is very much part and parcel of working in large organizations. That doesn't mean that smaller companies do not conduct performance appraisals, but they tend to do it less formally.

Performance feedback is clearly a necessary evil, as it allows a company to reward and recognize its best employees to motivate them further. For employees who aren't performing at optimum levels, it provides a structured way of working with the employees to raise their performance.

From an employee' perspective, it is thus critical to ensure that your performance appraisals capture the best of your work during the period under review. The performance appraisal form becomes a permanent record that will have an impact on your career not only in the same organization, but may also be used as reference if requested by a future employer.

Performance Appraisals - 5 Key Strengths to Highlight

Obviously the most important thing to include in your performance feedback is achievement of your business goals or metrics. List down the key metrics and provide supporting evidence on how you achieved those goals. Include also challenges or obstacles that you managed to overcome.

Regardless of the industry, company or role you're in, incorporate the following 5 key strengths in your performance appraisals. There is great emphasis on these values as they form the foundation for a company's corporate culture, and are critical for its survival and long-term growth.

Key Strength # 1: Focus on customer satisfaction - describe how you contribute to increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty for the company's long-term growth.
Key Strength # 2: Teamwork and collaboration - highlight how you build lasting relationships with other teams and work collaboratively to achieve common goals.
Key Strength # 3: Open communications - emphasize your willingness to listen to new ideas, or to adopt alternative approaches
Key Strength # 4: Interpersonal skills - stress your ability to work with all levels within the organization
Key Strength # 5: Adaptability to change - illustrate how you're able to adapt in the face of constant changes in the organization or industry

High ratings in these areas will enhance your technical or functional expertise, and will make you a more valuable player within the organization.

Performance Appraisals - 5 Key Strengths to Highlight
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David A. Russell is the author of the Phrases for Performance Appraisals Resource Guide, which helps professionals prepare and submit well-written performance appraisals. More information about the resource guide is available at: http://www.PhrasesForPerformanceAppraisals.com

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12 Keys to Using Songs For Teaching Children English As a Foreign Language

Teaching Children English Using Songs

In answer to a reader question on using songs for teaching Italian children English, I gave the following twelve quick keys. They're equally effective, however, for children from any country, or of almost any age too for that matter.

Here they are:

12 Keys to Using Songs For Teaching Children English As a Foreign Language

1. You can use most songs for English Language Teaching, but learners usually prefer songs which are currently popular. Both you and your learners can collaborate on selecting songs.

2. You should also select songs with easy-to-understand lyrics, absolutely NO profanity, violent, illegal or immoral themes like sex, drug use, prostitution, gang violence, kill-your-mother, suicide, etc. (It's easier to fall into this trap than you think. Many popular song lyrics are horrid)

3. For motivating children take along a dozen or so children's songs on cassette or CD with the lyrics. Beg, borrow or steal a selection of popular children's songs and you're all set. (Okay, don't steal them, ask - politely, about a million times until they say "yes")

4. Most popular song lyrics are available online. You'll need to be very, very careful of downloads from sites like these since they frequently FULL of viruses, Trojans, worms and lord only knows what else.

5. Walt Disney has a truckload of great children's songs. Us e films and shorts directly or just a recording with display pictures for visual support.

6. In addition to the above keys, there are the standard children's favorites any primary song child or teacher can tell you. You can even use songs from your childhood, if you were ever a child, that is.

7. Use inter-active games and Total Physical Response (TPR) along with the songs. Choreograph simple moves and actions to the beat and rhythm of the song.

8. Keep a fairly fast-paced class going as children get bored and restless easily with their short, short, short attention spans. Change activities every 15 minutes or so - even LESS with tiny "Chiquiticos".

9. Try incorporating some simple "dance" moves into the songs too for some added benefit. Have the "kiddies" ad lib, lip sync, pantomime, swing, sway kick, hop, slide, glide, whirl, spin, dip, step, jump and wave - you get my drift?

10. Use pictures as an aid in teaching key words in the song lyrics. Cutouts, posters, drawings, anything that provides positive visual support and reinforcement for lexical elements, grammatical them, connected speech, pronunciation or use in context is fair game in EFL classes for children (and adults too, actually)

11. Practice a couple of the songs and activities beforehand in front of a mirror on your own. (See how silly you look! That's okay though, so don't worry. We can't see you)

12. Oh yes, and be sure to have lots of FUN yourself! Whoever said English and foreign language teachers can't have fun too? (Certainly not me. Despite my scholarly appearance, sometimes I'm nuts in EFL classes!)

So "Don't Worry, Be Happy".

I hope this helps you with using songs to teach English to children. Be sure to check out the other article posts of mine like "9 Reasons Why You Should Use Songs to Teach English as a Foreign Language" on my blog for teaching English using songs.

12 Keys to Using Songs For Teaching Children English As a Foreign Language
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How To Become A Copywriter Today, Even If Your A Complete Rookie

Copywriters are the most creative people in advertising agencies as the slogans written by them drive ad campaigns. But getting employed as a copywriter can be very difficult. The most important thing you need for getting good openings to become a copywriter in the fields of advertising is a good portfolio of work or an online course that can teach you how.

In a portfolio, you need to give a good collection of advertisements on which you have worked. However, that can be difficult unless you are employed in an advertising agency. The only other way is to get an internship in an ad agency.

Online training courses are also available to boost your knowledge and help you become a copywriter that is creative and proficient. Beware, there are many courses available in many different niches that promise to teach you how to become a copywriter, so it is vital that you choose the right niche that you are interested in.

How To Become A Copywriter Today, Even If Your A Complete Rookie

You will find various internship program openings offered by ad agencies online for copywriters. When applying for and internship, we highly recommend that you contact the creative directors involved in creative departments at ad agencies. This experience will prove valuable in the future when you are called for an interview for the post of copywriter, the hiring managers always ask for the work you have completed during the internship program in an agency.

To boost your chance of getting a good opening as a copywriter, you can also join a technical school and participate in copywriting program to brush your skills as demanded by the agency groove. What if you want to become a copywriter on the internet?

If you want to know how to become a copywriter online, you must be proficient in creating online banner ads with various other online campaigns that magnetically draw people in and leave them wanting to know more. The Good news is that you need not hold a graduate degree to become a copywriter but you must hold a valid undergraduate degree for increasing your chance of getting the job as a copywriter in a reputable agency.

The basic skill a person has to know if they want to become a copywriter is creative thought and a good writing style. He or she should have the capability to craft stories with good vocabulary and always remember to keep it simple.

The only way to find out whether you possess the talent needed in copywriting job is to start creating content and continue to saturate yourself in environments where you are constantly learning and educating yourself on becoming the best copywriter you can be.

The field of advertising copywriting is increasingly competitive, but highly satisfying if you can hone your craft. In today's tough job market, a stellar resume with an average portfolio will not serve as enough. If you desire to grab the attention of creative directors you must follow a few effective steps to succeed in the job-searching rat race.

First and foremost, it's not as much what you know as who you know, you need to have a good networking. You can look in the yellow pages, facebook, or use resources from the Internet to trace these associations and contact the appropriate person directly.

A usual copywriter's job demand following strict deadline and work in odd hours as demanded by client and his needs that sometimes leads to a stressful job.

If you really want to become a copywriter, prepare yourself to work under regular pressure as well.

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